1. The behaviour
audited ground
Many species orient by the geomagnetic field; the compass can be disrupted by weak oscillating fields and depends on light. That much is behavioural experiment, repeatedly confirmed.
Migratory birds orient by the Earth's magnetic field — the behaviour is well established. How they do it is not. The leading hypothesis involves quantum effects in a light-sensitive protein in the eye. This chapter exists to show the book's discipline: a beautiful idea, labelled honestly as unsettled.
audited ground
Many species orient by the geomagnetic field; the compass can be disrupted by weak oscillating fields and depends on light. That much is behavioural experiment, repeatedly confirmed.
held open — unsettled
The radical-pair hypothesis: light striking cryptochrome proteins in the retina creates pairs of radicals whose chemistry is sensitive to the direction of the Earth's field. It would be biology using quantum coherence at body temperature — exactly the kind of thing this book wants to be true, which is why it needs the tighter grip.
held open — unsettled
The cryptochrome chemistry is real; the step from molecule to a working compass in a living bird has not been demonstrated. The chapter can use this as the standing example of an idea carried honestly: exciting, plausible, unproven.